Oral care is a necessary part of life because it directly influences health and well-being. Although it’s necessary at all life stages, it becomes even more significant with age, as maintaining good oral health in the elderly helps prevent complications such as tooth loss, gum disease, and systemic health issues. Great dental care contributes to a higher quality of life in later years.
Oral Care As We Age
Oral care at any age is important; however, as people age, changes in oral anatomy and physiology impact dental health. One big change is the reduction in saliva production, a natural consequence of aging.
This can lead to dry mouth, a condition where insufficient saliva fails to neutralize acids and protect against tooth decay. Moreover, receding gums, a common occurrence with age, exposes the tooth roots, making the teeth susceptible to decay and sensitivity.
Understanding the changing needs of their bodies helps patients keep up with their dental care routines. At Cornerstone Dental, we recommend that people over 65 visit their dentist at least twice a year so problems caused by age-related changes can be addressed right away. Patients should also make an appointment if they’re suffering from pain or have noticed changes to the way their teeth feel or look.
Maintaining Proper Oral Care
Due to potential physical limitations, elderly patients often benefit from adaptive tools such as electric toothbrushes and floss holders to maintain their oral care routine. Such items make brushing and flossing easier.
Soft-bristled toothbrushes that allow for gentle brushing are equally important. They are gentle on aging teeth and gums, which are often sensitive, and they reduce the risk of abrasion and irritation. Those struggling with gum recession benefit the most from this.
Elderly individuals also need to use fluoride toothpaste, which aids to prevent tooth decay, as aging may lead to a decline in enamel strength. Since manual dexterity often diminishes with age, some patients may want to use assistive devices like flosser tools or water flossers, as opposed to traditional floss.
Common Dental Issues in People Over 65
Tooth fractures and wear and tear are two distinctive issues elderly people often face. The teeth may become more susceptible to fractures due to years of use, previous dental work, or weakened enamel.
Symptoms may include tooth sensitivity, pain while chewing, or sharp discomfort. To address tooth fractures, we might recommend dental bonding, veneers, or in severe cases, crowns.
Another prevalent concern is oral cancer, with elderly individuals facing an increased risk due to cumulative exposure to risk factors like tobacco and alcohol over their lifetime. The symptoms of this condition are persistent mouth sores, difficulty swallowing, or voice changes. We perform regular oral cancer screenings to check for cancer.
The Impact of Medications on Your Teeth
Several medications commonly prescribed to older individuals can impact oral health. Antihypertensive drugs, while crucial for managing blood pressure, may cause dry mouth as a side effect. This heightens the risk of tooth decay.
Antiepileptic drugs, such as phenytoin, can lead to gingival overgrowth, where the gums become enlarged and prone to inflammation. Diligent oral hygiene practices, including regular and thorough brushing, along with professional dental cleanings, help manage this side effect.
Furthermore, bisphosphonates, which are sometimes prescribed for osteoporosis, may lead to a rare but severe condition called osteonecrosis of the jaw. We may advise a temporary pause in this medication before dental treatments to reduce the risk.
Dry Mouth in the Elderly
Dry mouth, or xerostomia, is a common issue among the elderly. Medications often prescribed to older individuals in addition to aging itself may also result in diminished salivary gland function. Dry mouth has to be addressed because it can impact dental health.
Saliva plays a crucial role in neutralizing acids, washing away debris, and maintaining a balanced oral environment. Without sufficient saliva, the risk of disease and oral infections increases. Additionally, dry mouth can lead to discomfort, difficulty in speaking and swallowing, and compromised taste perception.
Coping with Dry Mouth
In addition to traditional remedies like staying hydrated and using sugar-free lozenges, newer solutions include saliva-stimulating prescription medications. They boost saliva production, alleviating the symptoms of dry mouth.
Moreover, using artificial saliva products or oral moisturizers specifically designed for dry mouth management provides additional relief.
Denture Care and Maintenance
Oral care is still important, even if you have dentures. Dentures should be cleaned daily to remove food particles, bacteria, and stains. Using a soft-bristled brush specifically designed for dentures helps prevent scratches.
Avoid using regular toothpaste, as it can be abrasive. Instead, opt for mild hand soap or a denture cleaner. Clean your dentures over a folded towel or a basin of water to prevent breakage if accidentally dropped.
Soaking dentures overnight in a denture-cleaning solution or a mixture of water and vinegar helps eliminate stubborn stains and bacteria. Regular oral hygiene for the gums and any remaining natural teeth is necessary, even with full dentures.
Use a soft toothbrush or gauze to clean the tongue, palate, and gums. Lastly, schedule regular dental check-ups. Even without natural teeth, dentures may need adjustments or relining over time.
Nutritional Considerations for Oral Care
Making mindful nutritional choices helps you maintain optimal oral health. Choose a diet rich in calcium and vitamin D to support bone density and prevent tooth loss: both common concerns in aging individuals.
Dairy products, leafy greens, and fortified foods are excellent sources of these nutrients. Consume crunchy fruits and vegetables, such as pears and peppers. This provides a natural teeth-cleaning action and promotes saliva production.
However, excessively sticky or sugary foods should be avoided, as they can contribute to tooth decay and gum problems. Additionally, staying hydrated by drinking water throughout the day is beneficial for oral health. Like crunchy foods, hydration supports saliva production, which helps neutralize acids and maintain a healthy oral environment.
The Importance of Regular Check-Ups
Aging brings about various changes in oral anatomy and an increased susceptibility to dental issues, so regular dental visits are necessary. Key aspects of the check-up include comprehensive oral examinations to assess the condition of teeth, gums, and existing dental work. Your dentist should also check for signs of oral cancer and other common conditions.
Regular dental cleanings are recommended, especially considering that aging may lead to a higher accumulation of plaque and tartar. Professional cleanings prevent gum disease and improve overall oral hygiene. For those with dentures, check-ups involve assessing the fit, comfort, and condition of the prosthetics. Adjustments or replacements may be recommended as needed.
Selecting a Dentist
Choosing a dentist involves considering both qualifications and compassion. A well-qualified dentist with expertise in geriatric dentistry can provide tailored care to address the unique oral health needs of seniors.
Dr. Wright stands out as an excellent local choice, having furthered his skills through a General Practice Residency program at WVU after completing dental school.
This additional training equips him to perform advanced treatments, including surgical extractions, bone grafting, and dental implants. Such treatments are particularly valuable for addressing complex dental issues that may arise with age. Beyond qualifications, Dr. Wright emphasizes a compassionate approach.
Are You In Need Of A Thorough Dental Cleaning Or Dental Examination In The Martinsburg Area?
If you’re in need of a detailed dental cleaning or dental examination please feel free to contact us online or call our Martinsburg, West Virginia dental office directly at 304.267.6059 to schedule your appointment. We provide a wide range of general dentistry care as well as more involved dentistry services for patients throughout the Martinsburg area and look forward to you joining the Cornerstone Dental family.
